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Crops |
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Name of the crop |
Black pepper |
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Botanical name |
Piper nigrum L. |
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Cultivation |
It is an irrigated perennial crop. It prefers warm and humid climate. It grows sucessfully between 20ºC North and SouthLatitude. Cultivated upto 1500 m from MSL. Tolerate temperature between 10 to 40ºC. Black pepper requires shade and support and can be planted by using standards like Erythrina indica (Pangara), Silver oak. It can be planted on established trees like coconut, arecanut, Jackfruit etc. Spacing for monocrop – 3 x 3 m. It is planted 1 m away from support at the onset or at the end of monsoon. |
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Type of soil |
Well drained lateritic, loamy soil |
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Crop duration |
Perennial crop |
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Varieties |
Panniyur –1 variety has been recommended by Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli (as per duration) |
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Care during Nursery |
Cuttings are prepared during March. The soil mound is useful for year round production of cuttings. A soil mound of the size 2.5 x 0.60 (45ºAngle) is prepared The rooted cuttings of black pepper are planted at the base of this mound at 15 cm distance. 73 rooted cuttings are available per vine per year No. of cuttings /ha – 2222 |
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Plant Protection measures |
Pollu beetle – I) Phytosanitation ii) Quinolphos (0.25%) or Dimethoate (0.05%) spray. Quick wilt or Foot rot : |
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Fertilizers |
After 3 years 10 to 20 kg FYM + 75:75:75g NPK in two splits. |
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Harvesting |
When one or two berries in spike ripe harvesting is done. The spikes are plucked. The berries are separated and treated in boiling water for 1 minute and dried in sun for 7 days. |
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Yield |
1 to 1 ½ kg per vine. |
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