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Crops |
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Name of the crop |
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Fingermillet, Nachani or Nagli |
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Botanical name |
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Elusine corocana L. |
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Cultivation |
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In Konkan region it is a rainfed crop. However, it is also grown as a irrigated crop in Sindhudurg district on very small area. |
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Climatic conditions |
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It prefers warm temperature range as it is a tropical crop. It thrives well in the temperature range of 25 to 370 C. It prefers higher humidity range. However, bright sunshine at flowering and maturity with intermittent raine results into higher yield. Low temperature fevers blast attack. |
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Methods of planting |
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Fingermillet is transplanted at 25 x 15 cm spacing. There are three techniques of transplanting fingermillet. |
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i) Awatni : In this methods after uprooting the seedlings from nursery beds, the seedlings are thrown on the well prepared field. While throwing the seedlings on the field, only one seedling is thrown at a place. Than, the other seedling in the horizontal plane (rows) is thrown close to the first one but their leaves should be just apart from each other. In case of the vertical plane (column) seedling should be thrown in such a way that the central leaf should be just below the roots of the upper or previously placed seedling. This practice should be followed when there it continuous drizzle. After 5-6 days, the seedlings, stand erect.
ii) Normal transplanting : In case of normal transplanting the field is prepared by 2 ploughings, before second ploughing the recommended fertilizer dose is applied. Then in the well prepared soft field, seedlings uprooted from the nursery are transplanted by maintaining one seedling per hill at 25 x 15 cm spacing. Soil should be pressed firmly around the base, so that the seedling will remain erect.
iii) Thomba method/Dibbling : In this method the field is well prepared just before transplanting by giving two ploughings. Then the uprooted seedlings from the nursery are place in a shallow pit prepared by hammering a pointed pole at the place where seedling is to be transplanted. Before transplanting a seedling in the pit, given quantity of fertilizer is placed in the pit and covered with soil. After putting the seedling in the pit, soil is firmly pressed around it, so that it will stand erect. The spacing should be 25x15 cm. Shallow transplanting upto 3-4 cm is recommended. |
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Type of soil |
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It performs well on fertile well drained soil. In Konkan region it is planted on uplands during Kharif season. It is a hardy crop and hence it can also be grown on soils having low fertility. Ill drained soils are not suitable. |
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Crop duration |
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The duration of the crop various from 110 to 140 days, depending on duration of the varieties. |
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Varieties |
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Dapoli No. 1 Duration 125 – 135 days Yield 12-18 q/ha |
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Package of practices |
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In order to control weeds in the nursery beds and transplanted field, oxydiargyl @ 0.10 kg/ha should be sprayed. In case of nursery bed it should be sprayed on the same day or next day of sowing by using 600-700 lit. of water. In case of transplanting, it should be sprayed upto 4-5 days after transplanting. The transplanted crop should be hand weeded 30-40 DAT. |
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Care during nursery stage |
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Nursery bed should be prepared in the last fortnight of May. Fine seed beds are required as the seed size is very small. After preparing raised beds of 3x1.25 m, fine compost or F.Y.M. is spread over the beds @ 5t/ha. Then it is mixed with the top soil. Then, fertilizer dose of 0.25 kg N + 0.5 kg P2O5 per R or guntha be applied on the nursery beds. Then shallow sowing of seed i.e. 1 to 1.5 cm depth is done as the seed size is very small, it may be mixed with sand or soil for the convenience in sowing. |
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Seed rate/ha |
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Seed rate is 5 to 6 g/ha for transplanted crop. |
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Fertilizers applied |
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Fertilizer dose of 80 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 is recommended for fingermillet. Out of this 50% N and 100 % P2O5 is applied at the time of transplanting and remaining 50 % N is applied one month after transplanting. |
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Harvesting |
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Harvesting is done when all the grains in the panicle are fully mature. The maturity in the panicle progresses from tip to bottom. At maturity the earheads are cut with sickle. The ears are dried in the threshing yard for 3-4 days and then threshing is done. The grains are dried in the sun to 2-3 days before storage. |