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Crops | ||
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Name of the crop | ||
| Karonda | |||
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Botanical name | ||
| Carissa carandas L. | |||
| Cultivation | ||
| Rainfed, upland | |||
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Climate | ||
Very hardy (being spiny indicates xerophytic habit) Thrives in Tropical and sub-tropical climate. Water logged location is harmful, planted for hedge purpose – spacing – 1.0 – 1.5m in multiple rows. Not cultivated regularly on commercial scale. |
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| Type of soil | ||
| LMarginal to fertile soil. Plant performance (growth and yield) varies with fertility and moisture status. | |||
| Crop duration | ||
| 50 years | |||
| Varieties | ||
No distinct varieties. On the basis of the fruit colour (final retention) they are grouped as below. Green fruited (Mature fruit Black or purple) Pink White No distinct difference are found in shape and size. Some bold types have been screened. It is worth finding types with good characters like the pulp seed ratio, taste and yield and seedlessness through breeding selection.. |
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Package of practices | ||
Slow growing and very hardy. No irrigation is required after establishment, Effort should be made to conserve natural precipitation and arrest run off through development of the micro catchment, catchpits, cresent bund. |
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Interculture | ||
No intercultural practices defined except field sanitation, weeding and repair of moisture conservation structures. |
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| Training | ||
Development of initial frame mark. No prunning practiced defined |
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| Plant Protection measures | ||
No of grafts/ha – 5000 to 10000 plants/ha. |
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| Insect pests | ||
| Fruit borer | ||
| The worm tunnels the fruit – Non marketable, C.M.: No standard schedule. | |||
| Diseases | ||
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Spray | ||
Phytomycin @ 200/ppm |
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Fertilizer applied | ||
| Apply 15-20 kg FYM/bush/year twice – At the onset and near end of monsoon. No standard schedule practiced. | |||
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Harvesting | ||
Stage and method of harvesting – April – June (Staggered harvest) Stager – 2 Green stage – Mature green, without well developed seeds. Ripe – Pale yellow, red to crimson to deep purple |
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Yield | ||
| 4-5 kg/bush (after 6 years) | |||
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Additional points, if any | ||
Naturally found growing wild without much care, used as border plant for fencing. Fruits excellent for pickle, karonda squash and osmodehydratd products. |
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